SQL data type is an attribute that tell us the type of the object.

SQL server has 6 type of datatype

Exact numeric data type

1. bigint- Range start from -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807

2. int- Range start from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647

3. smallint- Range start from -32,768 to 32,767

4. tinyint- Range start from 0 to 255

5. bit- Range start from 0 to 1

6. decimal- Range start from -10^38 +1 to 10^38 -1

7. numeric- Range start from -10^38 +1 to 10^38 -1

8. money- Range start from -922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807

9. smallmoney- Range start from -214,748.3648 to 214,748.3647

Approximate numeric data type

1. float- Range start from -1.79E + 308 to 1.79E + 307

2. real- Range start from -3.40E + 38 to 3.40E + 37

Date and time data type

1. datetime- Range start from Jan 1, 1753 to Dec 31, 9999

2. smalldatetime- Range start from Jan 1, 1900 to Jun 6, 2079

3. date- Stores a date like June 30, 1991

4. time- Stores a time of day like 12:30 P.M.

Character string data type

1. char- Range extend to 8000 character Fixed length non-Unicode characters

2. varchar- Range extend to 8000 character Fixed length non-Unicode data

3. varchar(max)- Range extend to 231 character

4. text- Range extend to 2,147,483,647

Unicode character string data type

1. nchar- Fixed length Unicode 4000 character

2. nvarchar- Variable length Unicode 4000 character

3. nvarchar(max)- Variable length Unicode 231 character

4 ntext- Variable length 1,073,741,823 character

Binary data type

1. binary- Fixed-length binary data 8000 byte

2. varbinary- Variable length binary data 8000 byte

3. varbinary(max)- Variable length Binary data 231 byte

4. image- Variable length 2,147,483,647 byte

Misc data type

1. sql_variant- SQL Server-supported data types

2. timestamp- database-wide unique number that gets updated every time a row gets updated

3. uniqueidentifier- globally unique identifier

4 xml- XML dataSQL Server 2005

5 cursor- cursor object

6 table- result set for later processing